Colors play a central role in industry – whether in image processing, quality control or media technology. A standardized system is required so that colors can be clearly identified, measured and reproduced: the colour space.
A color space is a defined color coordinate system that enables the representation and description of colors.
It specifies which colors can be represented and how these colors are described mathematically.
Each color is defined by coordinates that reflect properties such as hue, saturation and brightness.
Color spaces thus create the basis for displaying colors consistently across different devices and systems – a decisive factor for industrial color communication and quality control.
In practice, two color spaces have become particularly established: RGB and CMYK. Both systems are used for color representation, but are based on different principles.
The RGB color space is made up of the three primary colors red (R), green (G) and blue (B). It is based on the principle of
When red, green and blue light are combined, a variety of hues are created – right up to
This additive principle makes the RGB color space particularly suitable for sensors, cameras and displays. Color or image sensors capture light in precisely these three channels and thus generate a digital color image that faithfully reproduces real colors.
In the RGB color model, white light is the result of an even mixture of red, green and blue.
Since the model is based on light, the addition of all three primary colors results in a bright, white impression.
The absence of light – i.e. the absence of all three channels – results in black.
This principle is central to all systems based on optical sensors.
In contrast, the CMYK color space works according to the principle of subtractive color mixing. Here, colors are created by mixing
This color space is primarily used in the printing industry – for packaging, brochures or labels, for example.
Color spaces are the foundation of modern color communication.
While the CMYK color space is indispensable for printing, the RGB color space forms the basis for digital sensors, image processing and visual measurement technology.
Understanding the RGB color space is crucial, especially in industrial applications where colors must be reliably detected and evaluated.
It enables color information to be captured precisely – and thus forms the basis for quality-assured processes, precise color control and innovative sensor solutions.
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